'If we dip the wires from a speaker into the tank， that electric field gets translated into sound.'
'The fish uses these fields rather like radar to sense their surroundings. Professor Macaiva has made some robot fish that mimic the real ones.'
译文：
美国科学家最近揭晓了一种微型机器人，灵感来源于微小生物，如白蚁等。在芝加哥举行的美国科学促进协会对这些微型机器人进行了展览。研究人员称，未来的机器人很可能趋向于模仿小动物，而不是科幻片里的机器人管家。我们的科学记者帕拉博·高希从会议现场发回了报道。
“在20世纪70年代，这是我们想象中的未来机器人。40年过去了，现在的情况是这样的，小型蚂蚁机器人不是在打扫卫生，也不是在为人类倒茶，而是在寻找自己回家的路。但为什么我们要以蚂蚁为原型发明机器人呢？它们的创造者，爱丁堡大学的比夫莱·韦伯教授为我们解答了这一问题。”
“如果你发明过机器人，那么当你看到动物尤其是非常简单的小动物时，你会惊异于它的生存方式，它的各种能力以及它精巧的身体构造。”
“韦伯教授花了数周时间研究西班牙的一种蚂蚁。令她吃惊的是，这种蚂蚁可以在它小小的头脑中处理复杂的视觉信息。因此，回到实验室，她就以蚂蚁为原型发明了机器人。”
“蚂蚁是认路高手，和我们认路的方式几乎一致，但是它们的大脑只有针鼻大小，而且视力也不好。所以，我们对此很感兴趣，想试着理解和复制它们的能力。”
与此同时，在芝加哥，马尔科姆·马凯瓦教授对另一种小生物产生了兴趣。
“我的灵感来源于亚马逊的一种鱼群，它们生存的河水非常阴暗，为了适应环境，在身体周围产生微弱的电场，从而能够感应周围环境，认清方向，相互交流，以及进行觅食。”
“因此，他把一些鱼带回他在芝加哥西北大学的实验室，并且向我展示了不同寻常的天然电场的工作原理。”
“如果我们把音箱中的电线沉入鱼缸，那么电场将被转化为声音。”
“鱼儿就是用这些雷达一样的电场感应周围环境的。马凯瓦教授根据这个原理发明了一些机器鱼。”
单词解析Word analysis
1. inspire[?n'spa??]v.激励
例句：We need someone who can inspire the team.
我们需要一位能鼓舞全队士气的人物。
2. dispIay[d?'sple?]n.展示，陈列
例句：His photographs were first put on display in New York.
他的摄影作品首先在纽约展出。
3. resembIe[r?'zemb(?)l]v.像
例句：He grew up to resemble his father.
他长大了，像他父亲。
4. compIex['k?mpleks]adj.复杂的
例句：Photosynthesis is a highly complex process.
光合作用是一个非常复杂的过程。
5. fantastic[f?n't?st?k]adj.极好的
例句：It's a fantastic place， really beautiful！
这真是个好地方，漂亮极了。
6. recognize['rek?ɡna?z]v.认出
例句：I don't recognize you in your uniform.
你穿上制服我认不出你了。
7. repIicate['repl?ke?t]v.重做
例句：There is a need for further research to replicate these findings.
需要进一步的研究来验证这些结果。
8. evoIve[?'v?lv]v.进化
例句：Fish evolved from prehistoric sea creatures.鱼是由史前的海洋生物进化而来。
语法知识点Grammar points
1. US scientists have unveiled a new breed of tiny robots， which were inspired by minute creature suchas termites.
“which”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a new breed of tiny robots。
2. In the 1970s， this is how we imagine robots to be in the future.
“how we imagine……”是名词性从句做表语。
3. If we dip the wires from a speaker into the tank， that electric field gets translated into sound.
“If”引导条件状语从句；“get+过去分词”表被动。
34：发展中国家禁烟成大难题Smoking ban in developing countries becomes a problem
06/06/2014
Today， around 5. 5 trillion cigarettes are produced every year in spite of the fact that tobacco use kills about five and a half million people every year， an average of one person every 6 seconds. The BBC's Peter Tailor has been taking a new look at the global tobacco market.
Much of the industry's position has not changed on advertising. For example， it still maintains that advertising is not designed to get people to smoke；it's about getting smokers to switch brands. But you know， one has to give them credit for developing electronic cigarettes which are undoubtedly much safer than conventional cigarettes. So yes， there is a change on that front. I mean， they will say that that is the future and they are investing a lot of money in it and investing millions in developing e-cigarettes. It has huge potential as a market but it still has to be seen in a， you know， in a context of where the vast majority of their profits will come from over the next， you know， many decades.
So Peter， if we look at that bigger global picture， well， how much are you seeing the sense of pushing the smoking of combustible cigarettes at children？
Advertising is everywhere， the Phillip Morris， iconic Marlboro cowboy still riding the range. Everywhere you go， there are cigarettes on sale which of course are attractive to young children. There is no effective government legi-slation on it. I spoke to the Prime Minister who is the former guerrilla leader， who you know， fought for independence. And he is a chainsmoker. He said，'I know， but I'm addicted. I find it very difficult to stop.'I asked him about banning advertising. Banning advertising， you know， doesn't achieve anything. The way to go forward is education. There is no education. So it's really interesting microcosm of the way that the problem is evident in a developing country， pretty typical of many developing countries. That's where the next generation of smokers are. Peter Tailor.
译文：
现在，每年约有550万人死于抽烟，相当于每六秒一人的死亡概率。然而，香烟的年产量仍维持在5.5万亿支。本台记者彼得·泰勒从全新视角解读了全球烟草市场。
这个行业对广告的定位基本没有改变。广告不是为了让不吸烟的人吸烟，而是为了引导烟民购买自己品牌的香烟。但我们还是要赞同他们开发电子烟。因为它确实比传统香烟安全得多。所以，在这方面烟草行业确实有所改变。他们会说电子烟是未来的趋势，他们为此投资巨大。作为一个市场，电子烟有很大的潜力。但是还要看接下来几十年的主要利润点在哪里。
彼得，从全球范围看，你认为吸烟被推向儿童群体的程度会怎样？
广告无处不在。菲利普·莫里斯、烟盒上画着牛仔的万宝路，都是市面畅销品。到处都有香烟出售，这对青少年是不小的吸引力。然而，政府没有出台有效的政策禁止青少年吸烟。我采访了该国总理，他曾任独立战争游击战领袖。烟抽得很厉害。他说：“我知道，但是我就是上瘾了，很难戒掉。”我问他对于严禁烟草广告有何看法。他说，严禁烟草广告毫无成效，正确的举措应该是教育。该国在禁烟方面没有相关教育措施。所以，这是许多发展中国家存在的典型问题的缩影。下一代烟民因此而诞生。彼得·泰勒报道。
单词解析Word analysis
1. maintain[me?n'te?n；
m?n'te?n]v.坚持说，坚持认为
例句：Critics maintain that these reforms will lead to a decline in educational standards.
批评者坚称这些改革会导致教育水平下降。
2. switch[sw?t?]v.转变，改变
例句：Duval could switch easily from French to English.
杜瓦尔能够流利自如地从法语转换到讲英语。
3. conventionaI[k?n'ven?(?)
n(?)l]adj.传统的，常规的
例句：Internet connections through conventional phone lines are fairly slow.
通过传统的电话线来联结因特网是很慢的。
4. saIe[se?l]n.销售，出售
例句：The use and sale of marijuana remains illegal.
吸食和贩卖大麻仍然是违法的。
5. effective[?'fekt?v]adj.有效的
例句：The cheaper drugs are just effective in treating arthritis.
较便宜的药品对治疗关节炎同样有效。
6. independence[?nd?'pend(?)ns]n.独立
例句：The country has made great advances since independence.
该国自独立以来发展迅速。
7. achieve[?'t?i?v]v.实现，取得
例句：Frances achieved very good exam results.
弗朗西斯取得了优异成绩。
语法知识点Grammar points
1. Today， around 5.5 trillion cigarettes are producedevery year in spite of the fact that tobacco use kills about 5 and a half million people every year， an average of one person every 6 seconds.
