[181] The Eastern heroine always has a good appetite and eats well. The sensible Oriental would infinitely despise that maladive Parisienne in whom our neighbours delight，and whom I long to send to the Hospital.
[182] i.e. her rivals have discovered the secret of her heart.
[183] i.e. blood as red as wine.
[184] The winecup （sunlike） shines in thy hand；thy teeth are bright as the Pleiads and thy face rises like a moon from the darkness of thy dresscollar.
[185] The masculine of Marjanah （Morgiana）'the she coralbranch ；'and like this a name generally given to negroes.
We have seen white applied to a blackamoor by way of metonomy and red is also connected with black skins by way of fun. A Persian verse says ：
'If a black wear red，e'en an ass would grin.'
[186] Suggesting that she had been sleeping.
[187] Arab.'Raushan，'a window projecting and latticed： the word is orig. Persian： so Raushana （splendour）=Roxana. It appears to me that this beautiful name gains beauty by being understood.
[188] The word means any servant，but here becomes a proper name.'Wasifah'usually= a concubine.
[189] i.e. eagerness，desire，lovelonging.
[190] Arab.'Rind，'which may mean willow （oriental），bay or aloes wood： AlAsma'i denies that it ever signifies myrtle.
[191] These lines occur in Night cxiv.： by way of variety I give （with permission） Mr. Payne's version （iii. 59）.
[192] Referring to the proverb'AlKhauf maksum'=fear （cowardice） is equally apportioned： i.e. If I fear you，you fear me.
[193] The fingers of the right hand are struck upon the palm of the left.
[194] There are intricate rules for'joining'the prayers；but this is hardly the place for a subject discussed in all religious treatises. （Pilgrimage iii. 239.）
[195] The hands being stained with Henna and perhaps indigo in stripes are like the ring rows of chain armour. See Lane's illustration （Mod. Egypt，chaps. i.）
[196] She made rosewater of her cheeks for my drink and she bit with teeth like grains of hail those lips like the lotusfruit，or jujube： Arab.'Unnab'or'Nabk，'the plum of the Sidr or Zizyphus lotus.
[197] Meaning to let Patience run away like an untethered camel.
[198] i.e. her fair face shining through the black hair.
'Camphor'is a favourite with Arab poets： the Persians hate it because connected in their minds with death；being used for purifying the corpse. We read in Burckhardt （Prov. 464）'Singing without siller is like a corpse without Hanut'this being a mixture of camphor and rosewater sprinkled over the face of the dead before shrouded. Similarly Persians avoid speaking of coffee，because they drink it at funerals and use tea at other times.
[199] i.e. she is angry and bites her carnelion lips with pearly teeth.
[200] Arab.'Wa ba'ad；'the formula which follows'Bismillah'In the name of Allah. The French translate it or sus，etc. I have noticed the legend about its having been first used by the eloquent Koss，Bishop of Najran.
[201] i.e. Her mind is so troubled she cannot answer for what she writes.
[202] The Bul. Edit. （i. 329） and the Mac. Edit. （i. 780） give to Shams alNahar the greater part of Ali's answer，as is shown by the Calc. Edit. （230 et seq.） and the Bresl. Edit. （ii. 366 et seq.） Lane mentions this （ii. 74） but in his usual perfunctory way gives no paginal references to the Calc. or Bresl.；so that those who would verify the text may have the displeasure of hunting for it.
[203] Arab.'Bi'smi'llahi' rRahmani'rRahim.'This auspicatory formula was borrowed by AlIslam not from the Jews but from the Guebre'Ba namiYezdan bakhshaishgaridadar！'（in the name of YezdanGodAllgenerous，Alljust！）. The Jews have，'In the name of the Great God；'and the Christians，'In the name of the Father，etc.'The socalled Sir John Mandeville begins his book，In the name of God，Glorious and Almighty. The sentence forms the first of the Koran and heads every chapter except only the ninth，an exception for which recondite reasons are adduced.
Hence even in the present day it begins all books，letters and writings in general；and it would be a sign of Infidelity （i.e.
nonIslamism） to omit it. The difference between'Rahman'and'Rahim'is that the former represents an accidental （compassionating），the latter a constant quality （compassionate）.
Sale therefore renders it very imperfectly by'In the name of the most merciful God；'the Latinists better，'In nomine Dei misericordis，clementissimi'（Gottwaldt in Hamza Ispahanensis）；
Mr. Badger much better，'In the name of God，the Pitiful，the Compassionate'whose only fault is not preserving the assonance：
and Maracci best，'In nomine Dei miseratoris misericordis.'
[204] Arab. Majnun （i.e. one possessed by a Jinni） the wellknown model lover of Layla，a fictitious personage for whom see D'Herbelot （s.v.Megnoun）. She was celebrated by Abu Mohammed Nizam alDin of Ganjah （ob. A.H. 597=1200） pop. known as Nizami，the caustic and austere poet who wrote：
The weals of this world are the ass's meed！
Would Nizami were of the ass's breed.
The series in the East begins chronologically with Yusuf and Zulaykha （Potiphar's wife） sung by Jami （nat. A.H. 817=1414）；the next in date is Khusraw and Shirin （also by Nizami）；Farhad and Shirin；and Layla and Majnun （the Nightblack maid and the Maniacman） are the last. We are obliged to compare the lovers with'Romeo and Juliet，'having no corresponding instances in modern days： the classics of Europe supply a host as Hero and Leander，Theagenes and Charicleia，etc. etc.
[205] The jeweller of Eastern tales from Marocco to Calcutta，is almost invariably a rascal： here we have an exception.
