This mother makes for her little daughter a miniature copy of every rude tool that she uses in her taily tasks.There is a little scraper of elk-horn to scrape rawhides preparatory to tan- ning them, another scraper of a different shape for tanning, bone knives, and stone mallets for pounding choke-cherries and jerked meat.
While her mother is bending over a large buffalo-hide stretched and pinned upon the ground, standing upon it and scraping off the fleshy portion as nimbly as a carpenter shaves a board with his plane, Winona, at five years of age, stands upon a corner of the great hide and industriously scrapes away with her tiny instru- ment! When the mother stops to sharpen her tool, the little woman always sharpens hers also. Perhaps there is water to be fetched in bags made from the dried pericardium of an animal; the girl brings some in a smaller water-bag. When her mother goes for wood she carries one or two sticks on her back. She pitches her play teepee to form an exact copy of her mother's. Her little belongings are nearly all practical, and her very play is real!
Thus, before she is ten years old, Winona be- gins to see life honestly and in earnest; to con- sider herself a factor in the life of her people--a link in the genealogy of her race. Yet her effort is not forced, her work not done from necessity; it is normal and a development of the play-in- stinct of the young creature. This sort of train- ing leads very early to a genuine desire to serve and to do for others. The little Winona loves to give and to please; to be generous and gra- cious. There is no thought of trafficking or economizing in labor and in love.
"Mother, I want to be like the beavers, the ants, and the spiders, because my grandmother says those are the people most worthy of imita- tion for their industry. She also tells me that I should watch the bee, the one that has so many daughters, and allows no young men to come around her daughters while they are at work making sweets," exclaims the little maiden.
"Truly their industry helps us much, for we often take from their hoard," remarks the mother.
"That is not right, is it mother, if they do not wish to share with us?" asks Winona. "But I think the bee is stingy if she has so much and will not share with any one else! When I grow up, I shall help the poor! I shall have a big teepee and invite old people often, for when people getold they seem to be always hungry, and I think we ought to feed them." "My little daughter will please me and her father if she proves to beindustrious and skillful with her needle and in all woman's work. Then she can have a fine teepee and make it all cheer- ful within. The indolent woman has a small teepee, and it is very smoky. All her children will have sore eyes, and her husband will soon become ill-tempered," declares the mother, in all seriousness.
"And, daughter, there is something more than this needed to make a cheerful home. You must have a good heart, be patient, and speak but little. Every creature that talks too much is sure to make trouble," she concludes, wisely.
One day this careful mother has completed a beautiful little teepee of the skin of a buffalo calf, worked with red porcupine quills in a row of rings just below the smoke-flaps and on each side of the front opening. In the center of each ring is a tassel of red and white horse-hair. The tip of each smoke-flap is decorated with the same material, and the doorflap also.
Within there are neatly arranged raw-hide boxes for housekeeping, and square bags of soft buckskin adorned with blue and white beads. On either side of the fireplace are spread the tanned skins of a buffalo calf and a deer; but there is no bear, wolf, or wildcat skin, for on these the foot of a woman must never tread! They are for men, and symbolical of manly vir- tues. There are dolls of all sizes, and a play travois leans against the white wall of the minia- ture lodge. Even the pet pup is called in to complete the fanciful home of the little woman.
"Now, my daughter," says the mother, "you must keep your lodge in order!"Here the little woman is allowed to invite other little women, her playmates. This is where the grandmothers hold sway, chaperoning their young charges, who must never be long out of their sight. The little visitors bring their work-bags of various skins, artistically made and trimmed. These contain moccasins and other garments for their dolls, on which they love to occupy themselves.
The brightly-painted rawhide boxes are re- served for food, and inthese the girls bring va- rious prepared meats and other delicacies. This is perhaps the most agreeable part of the play to the chaperon, who is treated as an honored guest at the feast!
Winona seldom plays with boys, even her own brothers and cousins, and after she reaches twelve or fourteen years of age she scarcely speaks to them. Modesty is a virtue which is deeply impressed upon her from early childhood, and the bashfully drooping head, the averted look, the voice low and seldom heard, these are graces much esteemed in a maiden.
She is taught to pay great attention to the care of her long, glossy locks, combing, plaiting, and perfuming them with sweet-scented leaves steeped in oil. Her personal appearance is well understood to be a matter of real moment, and rich dress and ornaments are highly prized. Fortunately they never go out of fashion, and once owned are permanent possessions, unless parted with as ceremonial gifts on some great occasion of mourning or festivity.
When she reaches a marriageable age her father allows her to give a feast to all the other girls of her immediate clan, and this "Feast of Virgins" may only be attended by those of spot- less reputation. To have given or attended a number of them is regarded as a choice honor.
Tatiyopa, by the time she is fifteen, has al- ready a name for skill in needlework, and gen- erosity in distributing the articles of her own making. She is now generally called Winona-- the charitable and kind! She believes that it is woman's work to make and keep a home that will be worthy of the bravest, and hospitable to all, and in this simple faith she enters upon the realities of her womanhood.
