山西平阳府蒲州河东驿驿丞王伫妻李氏谨奏为陈倩乞恩代夫死刑事:「妾闻为人臣则当死君之难,为人子则当死父之难,为人妇则当死夫之难。为臣而不死君之难是为不忠,为子而不死父之难是为不孝,为妇而不死夫之难是为不义,此古今之常经,乃天下之大道也。洪惟我国家圣圣相承既久,教之以诗书礼乐,培之以仁义道德,励之以忠孝节义,所以百年于兹。家诗书,户礼乐,闾阎三尺之童亦知所以忠、所以孝、所以义。臣虽妾妇,幸生太平之世,叨蒙化育之恩,(「叨蒙化育之恩」,「育」原作「盲」,据明朱当〈氵眄〉国朝典故本改。)岂不知忠孝节义之为当务乎!切思臣夫王伫,幼蒙父训,长沐圣恩,除授前职,为伫者正当夙夜战兢,鞠躬尽瘁,上以报朝廷荣显之恩,下以副父母劬劳之德。奚乃不知自保,出位而言,将本州知州徐孚、千户徐纶连结事情亲赍具奏,越礼犯分,罪不容逃。致蒙法司问拟,比造妖言斩罪,发都察院收监,此正朝廷至公之法,臣复何言。臣独念死者不可更生,断者不可还续,臣夫之死固自其宜,但夫之父母俱年七十之上,衰病老朽,弊惫极甚,(「弊惫极甚」,「惫」原作「慝」,据明纪录汇编本改。)将不久于人世,而况所生止于臣夫,别无以次人丁。自夫在狱,阙人侍奉,痛哭悲号,日夜不止,茕然孤苦,死无所依。臣欲守侍公姑,则夫在监衣食断绝,不无失所,是臣孝于公姑而不义于其夫,而夫妇之道乖矣。臣欲舍公姑而供给夫之衣食,则公姑贫病饥寒,将何所恃?是臣厚于夫妇而不孝于公姑,而子妇之义阙矣。此臣于孝义不能两全,得此失彼,所以与其苟全性命以偷生于一时,不若代夫之死以全孝义也。何则?臣夫既死,夫之父母岂不痛切肝肠,忧伤致死,夫之父母既死,臣为未亡人,亦当与之偕死,是夫一人之命而三人之存亡系之也。使臣而死,则止一人之死耳,而使夫得回故里侍养父母,子以全孝于其亲,亲以得养于其子,父子怡愉享有天年之寿,是臣一人之命有以全三人之生也,此臣之死所以不足惜也。臣闻至诚可以感天地,可以动鬼神,臣蝼蚁虽微,而一念之诚,惟天可表。臣幸遇圣明,遭逢尧舜,心即天地之心也,德即好生之德也,谅雷霆无非意之怒,知天地无终弃之才。如蒙圣慈,伏望哀怜恻怛臣公姑老病饥寒之苦,饶夫一死,俾得归侍以全其父母之恩,却将臣身斩首抵罪,用彰国家大义,则夫不失其孝,臣得全其义,亦陛下教天下以孝以义之心也,岂特臣之幸甚,臣之夫之幸甚,臣之夫之父母幸甚哉!臣激切至情,冒干天听,臣不胜恐惧战栗待死之至,缘系陈情乞恩代夫身死事理,具本亲赍,谨具奏闻,伏候敕旨。」成化十二年三月十六日奉圣旨:「是,都饶死罢,钦此。」
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Selected Poems, 1930-1988
It was as a poet that Samuel Beckett launched himself in the little reviews of 1930s Paris, and as a poet that he ended his career. This new selection, from Whoroscope (1930) to 'what is the word' (1988), describes a lifetime's arc of writing. It was as a poet moreover that Beckett made his first breakthrough into writing in French, and the Selected Poems represents work in both languages, including the sequence of brief but highly crafted mirlitonnades, which did so much to usher in the style of his late prose, and come as close as anything he wrote to honouring the ambition to 'bore one hole after another in language, until what lurks behind it - be it something or nothing - begins to seep through.' Also included are several of Beckett's translations from contemporaries - Apollinaire, Eluard, Michaux, Montale - in versions which count among his own poetic achievements. It is edited by David Wheatley.